Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that involves fragmentation and ionisation of gas phase molecules. From piecing together the fragments of different mass to charge (m/z) ratios, the analyte structure can be deduced.

 

In this video, the internal components of a Quadrupole-Time of Flight mass spectrometer is illustrated and explained. Analysis of caffeine (C8H10N4O2) is animated showing its fragmentation. Fragment ions travel down the flight tube and separate according to m/z ratios in which lighter ions arrive first, while heavier ones arrive later. Animation is shown in the zoomed-out, zoomed-in and sample views. The mass spectrum is also shown with fragments identified.